I used to plan, operate and manage field staff to cover and enumerate 1,000,000 sq km in light aircraft and 4x4 over 6 months every five years while doing up to 20,000 mile in a 4x4 myself. I used knowledge, field experience, maps and a map wheel to plan itinerarys and work programs for six staff employing hundreds of subordinates to conduct population census in remote and urban areas. All without an app or internet.